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Ordnance Factories Board (OFB), consisting of the Indian Ordnance Factories (Hindi: भारतीय आयुध निर्माणियाँ), is an industrial organisation, functioning under the Department of Defence Production of Ministry of Defence, Government of India. It is engaged in research, development, production, testing, marketing and logistics of a comprehensive product range in the areas of land, air and sea systems. OFB comprises forty-one Ordnance Factories, nine Training Institutes, three Regional Marketing Centres and four Regional Controllerates of Safety, which are spread all across the country.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Indian Ordnance Factories: Our Factories )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Indian Ordnance Factories: OFB in Brief )〕 OFB is the world's largest government operated production organisation,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Factories of graft )〕 and the oldest organisation run by the Government of India. It has a total workforce of about 164,000.〔 It is often called the "Fourth Arm of Defence",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WHAT )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gun Carriage Factory )〕 and the "Force Behind the Armed Forces" of India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Page Not Found )〕 It is amongst the top 50 defence equipment manufacturers in the world.〔 Its total sales were at $2.7 billion (16,246 crores) in 2011-12. Every year, 18 March is celebrated as the Ordnance Factories' Day in India.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Hitavada: Latest News from India,Politics,Bollywood,Business,Sport )〕 ==History== ;Beginning The history and development of the Indian Ordnance Factories is directly linked with the British reign in India. The East India Company considered military hardware to be a vital element for securing their economic interest in India and increasing their political power. In 1775, the British East India company accepted the establishment of the Board of Ordnance at Fort William, Calcutta. This marks the official beginning of the Army Ordnance in India. In 1787, a gunpowder factory was established at Ichapore; it began production in 1791, and the site was later used as a rifle factory, beginning in 1904. In 1801, Gun Carriage Agency (now known as Gun & Shell Factory, Cossipore) was established at Cossipore, Calcutta, and production began on 18 March 1802. This is the oldest ordnance factory in India still in existence. ;Growth The growth of the Ordnance Factories Board leading to its present setup has been continuous but sporadic. There were eighteen ordnance factories before India became independent in 1947 and twenty-three factories have been established after independence, mostly in the wake of defence preparedness imperatives brought about by the three major wars fought by the Indian Armed Forces. ;Main Events * 1801 - Establishment of Gun Carriage Agency at Cossipore, Kolkata. * 1802 - Production begins at Cossipore on 18 March. * 1906 - The Administration of Indian Ordnance Factories comes under a separate charge as "IG of Ordnance Factories". * 1933 - Charged to "Director of Ordnance Factories". * 1948 - Placed under direct control of Ministry of Defence. * 1962 - Department of Defence Production was set up at Ministry of Defence. * 1979 - Ordnance Factories Board is established on 2 April. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ordnance Factories Board」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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